Halloween

What is part of Halloween? 

Listening Exercise

https://www.topworksheets.com/t/FbUkZMotGfg

Reading Exercise

https://www.topworksheets.com/t/U80SCgAy9MX

Vocabulary Exercises

Exercise 1
https://wordwall.net/es/resource/81020759

Exercise 2

https://www.topworksheets.com/t/tTZp3Pvt-_c

8.6.-- Formal and Informal Language and how to write a letter of applicaation

Formal and Informal Language

Someone's research about the job market

Lila was well informed about the job market, having spent weeks researching various companies. As she prepared for an interview, she hoped to understand the situation better, knowing that many applicants faced excessive competition. She entered the room with confidence, but her enthusiasm quickly faded when the interviewer seemed completely unaware of her qualifications.

 

After a few awkward questions, Lila became extremely disappointed. She had thought she would impress them, especially since she was quite interested in the role. Instead, it felt as if they had misunderstood her experiences entirely.

 

Fortunately, Lila didn’t let this setback deter her. She decided to seek feedback from others who had recently interviewed. With their advice, she refined her approach and applied to new opportunities, determined not to let one experience define her.

 

In the end, her resilience paid off, and she landed a job that was a perfect fit, far exceeding her initial expectations.

Collaborative exercise 1 on page 70 on wordwall

https://wordwall.net/resource/31883937

Collaborative exercise 2 on page 70 on wordwall

https://wordwall.net/resource/31884052

Collaborative reading of the exam task on page 70

HOW TO WRITE A LETTER OF APPLICATION

This is an example of how to write a letter of application for the CAE exam. 

 

Dear Sir or Madam,

I am writing you regarding a job advertisement that I saw on my university bulletin board two days ago. I am therefore really interested in applying for the position of children carer in your summer camp in the United States this coming season.

I am the right person to do the job as I have been working at public and private schools with kids and teenagers of different ages and backgrounds for over 20 years and I have a degree in Education from the University of Glasgow, so I have got broad experience in this field. I consider myself a well-trained and highly-qualified childminder and I assure you that I am capable of working with big groups of children of different ages.

In addition to this, I am a talented artist. Hence, I can teach the children how to play the guitar and the violin as well as to make cute handicrafts because I honestly think it is important for young people to develop their creativity and find their natural talents.

I hope you will give my application serious consideration since I believe that I am a strong candidate. I have a great sense of responsibility and genuinely care about children. I also have a lot of patience, enthusiasm, and energy.

I look forward to hearing from you at your earliest convenience for a further interview.

Yours faithfully,

 

E.O.

Elements of the letter of application:

1.- Salutation

2.- Introduction

2.1.- The reason

2.2.- Job position and location

2.3.- How and when the candidate knew about the vacancy

3.- Body (2 or 3 paragraphs)

3.1.- General information including academic background and experience.

3.2.- Added values

3.3.- Asking for consideration and why the candidate thinks he or she is the ideal one

4.- Closing paragraph or final remark about encouraging further contact

5.- Closing formula

6.- Signature (full name or initials)

Word range: 220-260 words

Source: http://cpesamplewritings.blogspot.com/p/how-to-write-letter-of-application.html

Useful Phrases for a Cover Letter or a Letter of Application

Letter Phrases for a start:

·  I noticed with interest your advertisement for …

· I am writing in response to your advertisement posted on…

·  I am very interested in applying for the position of …

·  I am applying for the position of ….., which was advertised in …..

·  I was interested to see your advertisement for …

·  I was referred to you by …./name/, who informed me of a …./position/

· I have pleasure in applying for the advertised position, as …

Salutation:

Dear Sir or Madam,

Dear Mr Wilson Director of Human Resources,

Dear Mr Wilson, 

Phrases for reasons for applying for a job:

·  I would be well suited to the position because …

·  My professional skills appear to be well suited to your company’s requirements.

·  I have a lively interest in … and would appreciate the opportunity to work with you.

·  As you can see from my enclosed résumé, my experience and qualifications match this position’s requirements.

·  I would be well suited to the position because …

·  My strengths are …

·  I believe the combination of my education and experiences have prepared me…

· It is a challenging position for which I believe I am well qualified.

· This position represents an opportunity to continue my committed career path…

Phrases for writing about your skills:

·  I have a working knowledge of …

·  I believe I possess the right combination of …

·  I am an experienced user of …

· My professional experiences are supplemented by…

·  My interest and knowledge in this area was further enhanced by…

·  My particular area of effectiveness is…

·  I have an excellent command of …

Phrases for the final remark or last paragraph:

·  I would appreciate the chance to meet with you to discuss …

·  I look forward to our meeting.

·  If you are interested, please contact me at …

· I am eager to talk with you about the contribution I could make to your firm.

·  I would welcome the opportunity to discuss these and other qualifications with you.

·  I would welcome the opportunity to discuss further details of the position with you personally.

·  I look forward with enthusiasm to an opportunity for an interview.

 Closing formulas:

- Yours faithfully,

- Yours sincerely,

- Best regards,

Individual exam task on page 71

Subjunctive in Fixed Expressions and Verbs and Expressions followed by the Subjunctive

 

Video about Queen's coffin enters Westminster Abbey

What do you think about the Queen's funeral?

Subjunctive in Fixed Expressions and Verbs and Expressions followed by the Subjunctive

Some fixed expressions in subjunctive:

• Bless you!
• God bless America!
• God save the Queen.
• Long live the President!
• Heaven forbid!
• Heaven help us!

Verbs Followed by the Subjunctive

The Subjunctive is used after the following verbs:

to advise (that)
to ask (that)
to command (that)
to demand (that)
to desire (that)
to insist (that)
to propose (that)
to recommend (that)
to request (that)
to suggest (that)
to urge (that)

Example:

• Dr. Smith asked that Mark submit his research paper before the end of the month.

Expressions Followed by the Subjunctive

The Subjunctive is used after the following expressions:

It is best (that)
It is crucial (that)
It is desirable (that)
It is essential (that)
It is imperative (that)
It is important (that)
It is recommended (that)
It is urgent (that)
It is vital (that)
It is a good idea (that)
It is a bad idea (that)

Example:

• It is crucial that you be there before Tom arrives.

Sources: 

English Club (2024) Subjunctive on EnglishClub.com on https://www.englishclub.com/grammar/subjunctive.php

Englishpage.com (2024) Subjunctive in Learn English at Englishpage.com on https://www.englishpage.com/minitutorials/subjunctive.html

Collaborative Exercise about Phrases in Subjunctive in Songs, Poems, Novels, Films, etc.

for example, 'I were a boy, even just for a day.'

Individual Online Exercise about the Subjunctive

https://www.englishpage.com/minitutorials/subjunctiveexercise.htm

Speaking Exercise on Wordwall

https://wordwall.net/resource/72254715

The Subjunctive

Do you think that religion can influence personality? why or why not?

Our Father

 

Our Father, who art in heaven, hallowed be thy name.

Thy kingdom come, thy will be done, on earth, as it is in heaven.

Give us this day our daily bread and forgive us our trespasses as we

forgive those who trespass against us;

and lead us not into temptation, but deliver us from evil.

 

Prayer taken from Xavier University (W/D) Our Father in Catholic Prayers on https://www.xavier.edu/jesuitresource/online-resources/prayer-index/catholic-prayers

 

What is the verb mood in which the underlined phrases in the prayer ‘Our Father’ are conjugated?

 

Other phrases in subjunctive:

• I insist that he arrive on time. (present subjunctive)
• It's important that she be here for the meeting. (present subjunctive)
• I suggest that they not spend too much money. (present subjunctive)
• I wish I were taller. (past subjunctive in a present wish)
• I'm glad you came. (past subjunctive in a present situation)
• If I had known, I would have left earlier. (past subjunctive for a past imaginary situation)

What is the subjunctive mood?

The subjunctive mood is a verb form that helps express various states of unreality such as wishes, doubts, hypothetical situations, and emotions. It is used to describe things that are not necessarily true or real, but rather things that are imagined or desired. For example, ‘If I were famous, I would star in movies’ is a statement in the subjunctive mood because it describes a hypothetical situation that is not true in reality.

Uses of the subjunctive:

1.- Wishes and Regrets

I wish I had more time to travel.

If only I could speak Korean fluently.

In these cases, the subjunctive form is used to express something that is not currently true or real, but rather something that the speaker wishes were true.

2.- Hypothetical Situations

If I were a millionaire, I would buy a yacht.

If he were here, he would help us.

In these cases, the subjunctive form is used to describe something that is not true in reality but rather a hypothetical situation or condition.

3.- Doubts

I doubt that he be able to finish the project on time.

It's unlikely that she come to the party.

In these cases, the subjunctive form is used to express something that the speaker doubts or is uncertain about.

4.- Emotions

I'm surprised that he be so rude.

It's great that she join our team.

In these cases, the subjunctive form is used to express the speaker's emotions such as surprise, joy, or sadness about a particular situation.

How to form the subjunctive

The subjunctive mood is formed differently depending on the verb tense and the subject of your sentence. In the present tense, the subjunctive form is the same as the base form of the verb (without the -s or -es ending). For example, "I suggest that he leave now" is in the subjunctive mood because "leave" is the base form of the verb.

In the past tense, the subjunctive form is often the same as the past tense form but without the -ed ending. You could say, ‘If I were you, I would have left earlier’ in the subjunctive mood because ‘were’ is the past subjunctive form of "be."

Sources:

ANDRUS, Iryna (2024) Subjunctive in English on Promova on

https://promova.com/english-grammar/subjunctive-in-english 

English Club (2024) Subjunctive on EnglishClub.com on https://www.englishclub.com/grammar/subjunctive.php

Collaborative Online Exercise about the Subjunctive

https://www.ecenglish.com/learnenglish/lessons/subjunctive-0

Individual Online Exercise about the Subjunctive

https://english.lingolia.com/en/grammar/verbs/subjunctive/exercises

Speaking Exercise on Wordwall

https://wordwall.net/resource/72254242

First-Period Review for CAE 3 (Units 9 and 10)

First-Period Review for CAE 3 (Units 9 and 10)

1.- Science Vocabulary

Online Review Exercise about Science Vocabulary Part 1

https://wordwall.net/es/resource/60817895/cae-2-exercise-1-on-page-72-part-1

Online Review Exercise about Science Vocabulary Part 2

https://wordwall.net/es/resource/64478252/cae-2-exercise-1-on-page-72-part-2

2.- Dependent Prepositions

Common Dependent Prepositions for Adjectives

Common Dependent Prepositions for Verbs

Common Dependent Prepositions for Nouns

Online Review Exercise about Dependent Prepositions

https://wordwall.net/es/resource/12124255

3.- Modal Verbs

Modal and semi-modal verbs

Modal and semi-modal verbs are used to express the following functions:

1. Permission or request: can, could, and may, e.g., 'May I go to the loo?'
2. Ability: can, could, be able to, and be capable of, e.g., 'I could rollerskate when I was 12.'
3. Obligation: must and have to, e.g.,  'You must listen to me.'
4. Prohibition: mustn't and can't, e.g., 'You can't smoke indoors.'
5. Lack of necessity or obligation: don't have to, didn't have to, needn't, didn't need to, and don't need to, e.g., 'You don't need to wear a uniform in college.'
6. Advice: should, ought to, must, need to, and could, e.g., 'If you have a headache, you should take an aspirin.'
7. Possibility and probability or speculation or deduction: can, may. might, could, must, can't, and mustn't, e.g., Nobody's at home, so Susan must be out.
8. Necessity: must, need to, and have to, e.g., 'You need to save some money if you want to buy a car.'

Past modals

1.- Simple modals: could,  was/were able to, had to, didn't need to, and didn't have to., e.g.,' We could run fast when we were younger'. 

2.- Perfect modal: might have + Past Participle, could have + Past Participle, can't have + Past Participle, should have + Past Participle, ought to have + Past Participle, need have + Past Participle, and needn't have + Past Participle, e.g., 'You should have studied for the final exam.'

Online Review Exercise about Modal Verbs

https://www.myenglishpages.com/english/grammar-exercise-modals.php

4.- Modal Verbs of Speculation

Online Review Exercise about Modal Verbs of Speculation

https://test-english.com/grammar-points/b1/modal-verbs-of-deduction/2/

5.- Result links

Common Structures for Result Links or Linking Words of Cause and Effect

1.- As / Since / Because

You arrived late as you couldn’t take a cab.

You arrived late since you couldn’t take a cab.

You arrived late because you couldn’t take a cab.

Result in a full clause + as/since/because + Cause in a full clause

 

As you couldn’t take a cab, you arrived late.

Since you couldn’t take a cab, you arrived late.

Because you couldn’t take a cab, you arrived late.

As/Since/Because + Cause in a full clause, Result in a full clause 

 

2.- Because of / On account of / Due to / Owing to

You arrived late because of the traffic.

Your bill is fully paid on account of your coupons.

You arrived late due to the traffic.

You arrived late owing to the traffic.

Result  in a full clause + because of / on account of/due to / owing to + Cause in a noun clause

 

Because of the traffic, you arrived late.

On account of the traffic, you arrived late.

Due to the traffic, you arrived late.

Owing to the traffic, you arrived late.

Because of / On account of / Due to / Owing to + Cause in a noun clause, result in a full clause

 

3.- Resulted in

Your meeting resulted in a big party.

Cause in a noun clause+ Resulted in + Result in a noun clause

 

Your new position resulted in having to work more.

Cause in a noun clause + Resulted in + Result clause in  an -ing verb clause

 

4.- Due to the fact / Owing to the fact

You didn’t attend the last class due to the fact you didn’t have an internet connection.

You didn’t attend the last class owing to the fact you didn’t have an internet connection.

 

Result in a full clause + due to the fact (that) / owing to the fact (that) + Cause in a full clause

 

Due to the fact you didn’t have an internet connection, you didn’t attend the last class.

Owing to the fact you didn’t have an internet connection, you didn’t attend the last class.

 Due to the fact (that) / Owing to the fact (that) + Cause in a full clause, Result in a full clause

 

6.- As a result of

You missed the train as a result of having arrived late.

You paid more as a result of the price increase.

Result in a full clause + As a result of + Cause in an -ing verb clause / a noun clause

 

As a result of having arrived late, you missed the train.

As a result of the price increase, you paid more.

As a result of + Cause in an -ing verb clause or a noun clause, Result in a full clause

 

7.- Consequently / Otherwise

I won’t be in Cancun next week. Consequently, we won’t be able to get together next Monday.

You have to sign these documents. Otherwise, you will lose your job.

Cause in a full clause. + Consequently / Otherwise, + Result in a full clause

 

8.- Or else

You have to sign these documents or else you will lose your job.

Cause in a full clause + or else + Result in a full clause

 

9.- So 

These are your final project guidelines, so you must start working on them.

Cause in a full clause, so + result in a full clause

Online Review Exercise about Result links

https://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/linking-words-reason-exercise-2.html

6.- Academic Vocabulary

Review Exercise about Academic Vocabulary

https://wordwall.net/es/resource/68854682

7.- Different forms to express Wishes and Regrets

Online Review Exercise about different forms to express Wishes and Regrets

https://wordwall.net/es/resource/69696302

Second Period Review for LLPPRR

 Nature idioms

https://wordwall.net/es/resource/31928580

Online Exercise of Sentence Completion with Nature Idioms

https://www.topworksheets.com/custom/b1cecf43-0d90-4c3e-afd9-b2111876d53e

Oline Exercise about the Meanings of Phrasal Verbs with 'on'

https://wordwall.net/es/resource/60859815

Online Exercise of Sentence Completion with Phrasal verbs with 'on'

https://wordwall.net/es/resource/60860175

Job expressions

https://wordwall.net/es/resource/31821983

Cleft Sentences

https://wordwall.net/es/resource/56042488

Relative Clauses

https://wordwall.net/es/resource/56043011

Word formation

https://www.english-grammar.at/online_exercises/word-formation/wf086-mahatma-gandhi.htm

Second Period Review for CAE 2 from FLC

 Topic 6.- Verbs followed by infinitive or -ing form

Classifying the verbs followed by infinitive or -ing form

https://wordwall.net/resource/13374318

Completing sentences with the verbs followed by infinitive or -ing form

https://wordwall.net/resource/34616530/verbs-followed-by-gerunds

Completing sentences with the verbs followed by object and/or infinitive

https://wordwall.net/resource/34414857

Topic 7.- Inversion

Filling in the gaps with the missing words

https://wordwall.net/resource/3168455

Nature idioms

https://wordwall.net/es/resource/31928580

Job expressions

https://wordwall.net/es/resource/31821983

Phrasal Verbs with 'on'

https://wordwall.net/es/resource/56043533

Word formation

https://www.english-grammar.at/online_exercises/word-formation/wf086-mahatma-gandhi.htm